An Analysis Of Mahatma Gandhi

An Analysis Of Mahatma Gandhi Gandhi (1982) coordinated by Richard Attenborough and featuring Ben Kingsley in the lead spot, won 9 Academy Awards, including Best Picture, Best Director, Best Actor, Best Screenplay and Best Cinematography. The film opens with the death of Gandhi. It delineates the excursion of Mahatma Gandhi from sole hued rehearsing advocate in South Africa, who was tossed out of a train at Pietermaritzburg on his refusal to move to second rate class mentor while holding a legitimate top of the line pass to the pioneer of network who utilized the standards of peaceful opposition for the benefit of Indian outsiders to his migration to his mom land, India and moving a huge number of individual residents by his alluring administration aptitudes. The film additionally depicts his uniqueness and associations with his family, close-partners, companions and pioneers of Indian Congress Party. Moreover, the standards followed by Gandhi are spoken to decently with right mix of outside components including the British approaches, his broad ventures, destitution pervasive in rustic India and his conviction to expel segregation issues, which influenced his choices, viewpoint and procedures received along with the structure of his Ashram, taking up fasting and standing firm on his standards of non-co-activity and peacefulness. The slogan of this film: His triumph changed the world perpetually is completely evident. WHo was gandhi? Mr. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, presented with the title of Mahatma: Great soul (a privileged title originally utilized by Rabindranath Tagore), affectionately called Bapu: father, utilized by his supporters, is the Father of country of India. This articulation was first utilized for Gandhi by Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose in his sympathy message on the destruction of Kasturba Gandhi, spouse of Mahatma Gandhi in the year 1944. Gandhinot just raised his voice for Swaraj (home standard for India) and showed his comrades to battle with no arms or ammo against the British Empire, yet drove the world to accept and still follow his standards of truth and peacefulness. Gandhi was a certified Barrister, considered law in University College of London, have a straightforward existence with his significant other, Kasturbai Makhanji and four children, Harilal, Manilal, Ramdas and Devdas. In spite of the fact that a Hindu by birth, he put stock in otherworldliness and not exacting adherence to strict convictions. The discourse from the film Gandhi plainly uncovers the equivalent: I am a Muslim and a Hindu and a Christian and a Jew as are every one of you. It is simpler to clarify the somberness of this incredible pioneer by getting the sympathies of Edward R. Murrow: ..Mahatma Gandhi was not an administrator of incredible armed forces nor leader of huge grounds, he could flaunt no logical accomplishments, no masterful blessing. However men, governments and dignitaries from everywhere throughout the world have held hands today to give recognition to this little brown man in the undergarment who drove his nation to opportunity (Discourse from the film Gandhi (1982), coordinated by Richard Attenborough) Core values and adherents Gandhi followed 11 pledges for an amazing duration, which are depicted in his different works. These pledges are: Ahimsa: peacefulness, Satya: truth, Asteya: non-taking, Brahmacharya: self-control, Aparigraha: non-ownership, Sharirshrama: bread work, Aswada: control of the sense of taste, Sarvatra Bhayavarjana: dauntlessness, Sarva Dharma Samantva: equity all things considered, Swadeshi: utilization of just privately made merchandise and Sparshbhavna: expulsion of unapproachability. (Source:http://www.gandhimanibhavan.org/gandhiphilosophy/philosophy_11vows.htm) The Time Magazine in December, 1999 version named The fourteenth Dalai Lama, Lech Waã… ‚ã„â„ ¢sa, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Cesar Chavez, Aung San Suu Kyi, Benigno Aquino, Jr., Desmond Tutu and Nelson Mandela as Children of Gandhi and his profound beneficiaries to peacefulness. (Source:http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,993026,00.html) His excursion was from a briefless counselor (a term used to mock him by his individual lawful experts, as communicated by Eknath Easwaram) in Bombay to the half bare Indian fakir (as alluded by Winston Churchill in his discourse in 1930) to the boss of the reason for peacefulness and equity. This entry was brimming with thistles as varying issues looked by him just as roses as the various adherents. Incalculable essayists and pioneers world-over have communicated various sentiment about the best otherworldly and political pioneer of India. Regardless of whether individuals follow the standards of Gandhi or they despise him, his gigantic work can't be disregarded. In the expressions of Martin Luther King Jr. in the year 1955: Christ gave us the objectives and Mahatma Gandhi the strategies. (Source: Life Magazine: Remembering Martin Luther King Jr. 40 Years Later, 2008) Authority Qualities and styles A pioneer is an individual who impacts a gathering of individuals towards the accomplishment of an objective. A pioneer is a person who initially performs and afterward, drives his devotees by model, with the goal that they are propelled to tail him. He should have an inborn pledge to an objective and endeavor to accomplish it regardless of whether others don't tail him. As characterized by Eric Hoffer, the pioneer must be pragmatic and pragmatist, yet he should talk the language of visionary and romantic. (Source: http://www.vtaide.com/gleanings/leader.htm) The word reference significance of the term authority is the ability to lead others; a demonstration or occurrence of controlling. Administration is a procedure of social impact wherein one individual can enroll the guide and backing of others in the achievement of a typical errand as characterized by Chemers. There are differing conclusions and speculations in regards to definitions and arrangements of authority styles. In any case, in the expressions of Vance Packard Leadership has all the earmarks of being the specialty of getting others to need to accomplish something you are persuaded ought to be finished. (Source: http://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/pioneer/leadstl.html) Viscount Slim recorded the qualities of initiative as fortitude, self control, judgment, adaptability, information and trustworthiness. In the expressions of Hill, attributes of pioneer incorporate fearlessness, confidence characteristics, generosity, paternalism, definitiveness, nobility, resilience, energy, information on man. In the light of these articulations, Gandhi was a genuine pioneer, who arranged and played out the errands, showed others how its done, had solid conviction to accomplish the objective and inspired his devotees. The quality and character of Mahatma Gandhi is clear in his own words as: You can chain me, you can torment me, you can even decimate this body however you will never detain my brain. Kenneth Benne and Paul Sheats (1948) characterized 26 diverse gathering jobs that can be played by at least one people inside a gathering, which were ordered as: task jobs, individual or social jobs and useless or individualistic jobs. As indicated by these jobs, in the gathering task jobs, an individual might be initiator, facilitator, evaluator, pundit, orienter or recorder. (Source: http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newTMM_85.htm) Kurt Lewin drove a gathering of analysts to distinguish various styles of administration and built up three significant styles of initiative as: tyrant or despotic; participative or law based and delegative or free enterprise. (Source:http://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/pioneer/leadstl.html) Participative pioneer: Gandhi certainly was a participative or equitable pioneer, who included the entire group in arranging and objective setting, critical thinking and accentuated group working; then again, he held his dynamic power that couldn't be tested. As opposed to choosing in an imperious way, he included others all the while, including his subordinates, companions, bosses and different partners. Since the political circumstance at that point, was dynamic and evolving as often as possible, the necessary just initiative spilled out of Gandhi. He drew out the best of understanding and expertise from the kindred Congress pioneers, seniors and adherents. He had a solid conviction with right mix of adaptability and picked proper way to deal with be followed. The correspondence channels utilized were open and straightforward; and if there should be an occurrence of any changes, the procedure was clarified unambiguously. Hypotheses of authority Different hypotheses have been propounded on the idea of authority dependent on fluctuated qualities of a pioneer including characteristics, situational collaborations, work, conduct, power, vision, values, appeal, morals and insight among others. The accompanying speculations are pertinent in depicting administration qualities of Gandhi as investigated in the film: Charming administration Transformational administration Worker administration Bona fide and Ethical administration Perfect administration Supporter driven administration Charming Leader: As indicated by the attribute approach, the initiative style is influenced and impacted by the individual qualities and characteristics of pioneer. German humanist, Max Weber recognized three perfect kinds of real political administration, mastery and authority: magnetic (familial and strict), medieval or customary (patriarchs or patrimonalism) and lawful (present day law and state). Weber (1947) characterized charming authority as laying on dedication to the outstanding sacredness, valor or excellent character of a distinct individual, and of the regularizing examples or request uncovered or appointed by him. He characterized the term appeal as a specific nature of an individual character, by prudence of which he is separate from standard men and rewarded as enriched with otherworldly or uncommon forces or characteristics, which are not open to a normal individual, yet of heavenly starting point or model. He further included that an alluring pioneer has amazing capacity to distil complex thoughts into basic messages and conveys by utilizing images, analogies, similitudes and stories. Such a pioneer savors hazard and is a confident person, who rebels shows. Robert House (1977) utilized four expressions to characterize alluring

Hamlet Quotes Explained

Hamlet Quotes Explained Hamlet is one of the most cited (and most satirize) plays by William Shakespeare. The play is notable for its amazing citations about debasement, sexism, and passing. However, regardless of the horrid topic, Hamlet is likewise acclaimed for the dull amusingness, smart witticisms, and infectious expressions we despite everything rehash today. Statements About Corruption Something is spoiled in the province of Denmark.(Act I, Scene 4) Spoken by Marcellus, a castle officer, this natural Shakespeare line is frequently cited on satellite TV news. The articulation suggests a doubt that somebody in power is degenerate. The aroma of rot is a representation for a breakdown in ethical quality and social request. Marcellus shouts that something is spoiled when a phantom shows up outside the château. Marcellus cautions Hamlet not to follow the unpropitious nebulous vision, however Hamlet demands. He before long discovers that the phantom is the soul of his dead dad and that malice has overwhelmed the seat. Marcellus explanation is significant in light of the fact that it anticipates the deplorable occasions that follow. In spite of the fact that not critical to the story, its likewise fascinating to take note of that for Elizabethan crowds, Marcellus line is a rough play on words: spoiled references the smell of fart. Images of spoil and rot drift through Shakespeares play. The apparition portrays a [m]urder generally foul and an odd, and unnatural marriage. Villages eager for power uncle, Claudius, has killed Hamlets father, the ruler of Denmark and (in a deed thought about forbidden) has hitched Hamlets mother, Queen Gertrude. The rottenness goes past homicide and inbreeding. Claudius has broken the regal bloodline, upset the government, and broke the heavenly principle of law. Since the new head of state is spoiled as a dead fish, all of Denmark rots. In a mistook hunger for retribution and a failure to make a move, Hamlet seems to go frantic. His adoration intrigue, Ophelia, endures a total mental breakdown and ends it all. Gertrude is slaughtered by Claudius and Claudius is cut and harmed by Hamlet. The idea that wrongdoing has a smell is resounded in Act III, Scene 3, when Claudius shouts, O! my offense is rank, it scents to paradise. Before the finish of the play, the entirety of the lead characters have kicked the bucket from the spoil that Marcellus saw in Act I.â Statements About Misogyny Paradise and earth,Must I recollect? Why, she would hold tight himAs if increment of craving had grownBy what it benefited from, but then, inside a month - Let me not think ont - Frailty, thy name is lady! - (Act I, Scene 2) Theres almost certainly that Prince Hamlet is misogynist, having the Elizabethan mentalities toward ladies found in a considerable lot of Shakespeares plays. In any case, this statement recommends that he is likewise a misanthrope (somebody who abhors ladies). In this speech, Hamlet communicates appall over the conduct of his bereaved mother, Queen Gertrude. Gertrude once hovered over Hamlets father, the ruler, however after the rulers demise, she quickly wedded his sibling, Claudius. Hamlet rails against his moms sexual craving and her obvious powerlessness to stay faithful to his dad. Hes so irritated that he breaks the formal metrical example of clear refrain. Meandering aimlessly past the customary 10-syllable line-length, Hamlet cries, Frailty, thy name is lady! Fragility, they name is lady! is likewise a punctuation. Hamlet tends to feebleness just as addressing an individual. Today, this Shakespeare quote is frequently adjusted for amusing impact. For instance, in a 1964 scene of Bewitched, Samantha discloses to her significant other, Vanity, they name is human. In the vivified TV show The Simpsons, Bart shouts, Comedy, thy name is Krusty.â Theres nothing happy about Hamlets allegation, be that as it may. Overcome with rage, he appears to flounder in profound situated contempt. Hes not just furious at his mom. Hamlet lashes out at the whole female sex, declaring all ladies frail and flighty. Later in the play, Hamlet turns his rage on Ophelia. Get thee to a cloister: why wouldst thou be abreeder of delinquents? I am myself unconcerned honest;but yet I could blame me for such things that itwere better my mom had not borne me: I am veryproud, vindictive, driven, with a larger number of offenses atmy beck than I have musings to put them in,imagination to give them shape, or time to act themin. What should such colleagues as I do crawlingbetween earth and paradise? We are arrant knaves,all; accept none of us. Go thy approaches to a nunnery.(Act III, Scene 1) Hamlet appears to totter near the very edge of craziness in this tirade. He once guaranteed that he cherished Ophelia, however now he dismisses her for reasons that arent clear. He additionally portrays himself as a terrible individual: pleased, vindictive, aspiring. Generally, Hamlet is stating, Its not you, its me. He advises Ophelia to go to a cloister (a religious circle of nuns) where she will stay pure and never bring forth arrant miscreants (complete reprobates) such as himself. Maybe Hamlet needs to shield Ophelia from the debasement that has invaded the realm and from the brutality that is certain to come. Maybe he needs to remove himself from her with the goal that he can concentrate on avenging his dads demise. Or on the other hand maybe Hamlet is so harmed with outrage that hes not, at this point fit for feeling love. In Elizabethan English, religious shelter is likewise slang for massage parlor. In this feeling of the word, Hamlet denounces Ophelia as a wanton, misleading female like his mom. Despite his thought processes, Hamlets reproach adds to Ophelias mental breakdown and inevitable self destruction. Numerous women's activist researchers contend that Ophelias destiny delineates the disastrous outcomes of a male centric culture. Statements About Death To be, or not to be: that is the question:Whether ’tis nobler in the psyche to sufferThe slings and bolts of unbelievable fortuneOr to take arms against an ocean of troubles,And by restricting end them? - To pass on, - to rest, - No more; and by a rest to state we endThe grief, and the thousand normal shocksThat tissue is beneficiary to, - ’tis a consummationDevoutly to be wish’d. To bite the dust, to sleep;To rest, perchance to dream - ay,â theres the rub:For in that rest of death what dreams may come...(Act III, Scene 1) These dour lines from Hamlet present one of the most paramount discourses in the English language. Ruler Hamlet is engrossed with subjects of mortality and human feebleness. At the point when he considers [t]o be, or not to be, hes gauging life (to be) versus passing (not to be). The equal structure presents a direct opposite, or a differentiation, between two contradicting thoughts. Hamlet speculates that its honorable to live and battle against inconveniences. Be that as it may, he contends, its likewise alluring (a fulfillment faithfully to be wishd) to escape disaster and grief. He utilizes the expression to rest as a metonymy to describe the sleep of death. Villas discourse appears to investigate the advantages and disadvantages of self destruction. At the point when he says theres the rub, he implies theres the disadvantage. Maybe demise will bring appalling bad dreams. Later in the long talk, Hamlet sees that dread of outcomes and the obscure the unfamiliar nation makes us bear our distresses as opposed to look for escape. In this way, he finishes up, still, small voice makes weaklings of all of us. In this specific circumstance, the word inner voice implies cognizant idea. Hamlet isnt truly discussing self destruction, yet about his powerlessness to make a move against the ocean of difficulties in his realm. Confounded, hesitant, and miserably philosophical, he considers whether he should execute his lethal uncle Claudius. Generally cited and frequently confused, Hamlets [t]o be, or not to be speech has roused scholars for a considerable length of time. Hollywood movie chief Mel Brooks referenced the celebrated lines in his World War II satire, To Be or Not to Be. In a 1998 film, What Dreams May Come, entertainer Robin Williams wanders through existence in the wake of death and attempts to disentangle grievous occasions. Innumerable other Hamlet references have advanced into books, stories, sonnets, TV appears, computer games, and even funny cartoons like Calvin and Hobbes.â â â â Dim Humor Quotes Chuckling amidst death isnt an advanced thought. Indeed, even in his darkest catastrophes, Shakespeare consolidated cutting mind. All through Hamlet, the dull eavesdropper Polonius spouts axioms, or scraps of shrewdness, that appear to be senseless and trite: Neither a borrower nor a bank be;For credit oft loses both itself and friend,And acquiring dulls the edge of husbandry.This most importantly: to thine own self be true,And it must follow, as the night the day,(Act I, Scene 3) Jokesters like Polonius give emotional foils to the agonizing Hamlet, lighting up Hamlets character and featuring his anguish. While Hamlet philosophizes and ponders, Polonius makes trite proclamations. At the point when Hamlet incidentally executes him in Act III, Polonius states the self-evident: O, I am killed! Additionally, two clownish undertakers give entertainment during a horrendously amusing churchyard scene. Snickering and yelling unrefined jokes, they hurl decaying skulls into the air. One of the skulls has a place with Yorick, a dearest court jokester who kicked the bucket quite a while in the past. Hamlet takes the skull and, in one of his most acclaimed monologs, thinks about the temporariness of life. Tsk-tsk, poor Yorick! I knew him, Horatio: a fellowof unending quip, of most astounding extravagant: he hathborne me on his back a thousand times; and now, howabhorred in my creative mind it is! my canyon edges atit. Here hung those lips that I have kissed I knownot how oft. Where be your sneers now? yourgambols? your melodies? your flashes of merriment,that were wont to prepare the table on a roar?(Act V, Scene 1) The twisted and silly picture of Hamlet tending to a human skull has become a suffering image, posted on Facebook and caricatured in kid's shows, TV shows, and movies. For instance, in the Star Wars scene, The Empire Strikes Back, Chewbacca impersonates Hamlet when he lifts the leader of a droid. While provoking giggling, Yoricks skull is likewise a g

Human Resource Bundles

Human Resource Bundles The connection between authoritative presentation and human asset the board (HRM) rehearses has been talked about and analyzed by researchers and business directors. It is accepted that the capacity to spur, prepare or engage laborers can give an organization an upper hand over other firms.Advertising We will compose a custom article test on Human Resource Bundles explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More One of the issues that are regularly considered is the effect of the purported human asset packages on the business results, to be specific efficiency, benefit or maintenance of laborers. For this situation, the term groups can be comprehended as a lot of adjusted and interrelated practices and systems that should welcome commonly upholding impacts on hierarchical execution (Ahmad Schroeder 2003, p. 37). This paper is planned for deciding if this methodology prompts unrivaled results. In general, one can say that such packages can for sure impact an organization given t hat administrators comprehend the fundamental beliefs and requirements of laborers. From the start, it is important to concentrate on the hypothetical foundation of HR packs and the reasons why way to deal with HR the board has gotten mainstream in numerous associations. One of the fundamental supposition that will be that the exercises of a HR chiefs must be synergistic (Toh, Morgeson, Campion 2008, p. 864). At the end of the day, they need to enhance each other and make an additional incentive for an organization. Researchers give different guides to help this thought. For example, organizations regularly create preparing programs for their laborers with the goal that they could procure and grow new abilities. Be that as it may, these preparation programs generally yield better outcomes, if an association has an information based compensation framework (Toh, Morgeson, Campion 2008, p. 864). This framework needs to represent singular commitment of each specialist with the goal that he/she could be all the more ready to participate in preparing. This is how a few HRM practices can strengthen each other.Advertising Looking for paper on business financial matters? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The second point that researchers make is that HRM practices ought to reflect associations setting. Directors should consider such factors as the size of the organization, its structure, culture, item, etc (Verburg, Hartog, Koopman 2007, p. 186). This is the reason it is important to adjust HRM practices to this unique situation and make them commonly predictable. There is another particular idiosyncrasy of HRM groups. A supervisor, who receives this methodology, ought not concentrate on a solitary action. Rather, it is important to consider them an arrangement of related parts (Gooderham, Parry, Ringdal 2008, p. 2043). These individuals ought to recall that the adjustment in one practice can either increment or abatement the proficiency of other HR exercises. Along these lines, this methodology contrasts from traditional methodologies of HR supervisors. By and large, HR groups need to address such parts of HR the board as enlistment, execution examination, pay, the improvement of employees’ aptitudes, strengthening of laborers, etc. These practices ought not be seen as some disjoint components. More probable, they should bolster one another. It is accepted that along these lines, an association can yield better outcomes. Along these lines, hypothetical underpinnings of HR groups can be acknowledged. In any case, business directors ought to recollect that the packaging of HRM practices can be viable given that the organization can comprehends the qualities, objectives, and necessities of laborers. HR groups ought to be founded on some tried suspicions about the conduct of laborers. Given that this arrangement of approaches is ineffectively structured, its belongings can be crushing on the grounds that an organization can plan an entire arrangement of strategies that ignore the conduct of representatives. This is the fundamental hazard that human asset supervisors ought to consider. Now, it is important to talk about experimental investigations that analyze the effects of utilizing this approach.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on Human Resource Bundles explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The analysts, who look at the progressions brought by HR groups, center around such results as the maintenance of representatives, monetary execution, relationship with clients, or operational execution (Subramony 2009, p. 745). The meta-investigation did by Manesh Subramony demonstrates that there is a positive connection between the utilization of HR groups and some of significant business results. For example, one can specify inspiration improving packs. They incorporate such practices as connecting pay with execution, motivating force designs, or improved social insurance benefits (Subramony 2009, p. 746). The organizations, which utilized these groups, had the option to diminish worker turnover (Subramony 2009, p. 753). Moreover, ability upgrading groups emphatically influenced the presentation of laborers (Subramony 2009, p. 752). This is one of the models indicating that this methodology can prompt prevalent outcomes. The principle differentiation of such organizations is that they attempt to adjust their approaches and arrange them toward a specific objective. The administration of these associations doesn't segregate various acts of HR administrators. One can likewise allude to the exploration led by Eleni Stavrou and Chris Brewster (2009) who analyzed the effect of various HRM packages on such parts of business execution as administration quality, benefit, and efficiency (p. 191). These creators reviewed the CEOs of 3702 organizations (Stavrou Brewster 2009, p. 191). This investigation analyzes the job of various groups that are identified with preparing, execution examination, and pay (Stavrou Brewster 2009, p. 193).Advertising Searching for article on business financial matters? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More The specialists contend that a mix of systems can all the more likely increment the efficiency and maintenance of laborers. Specifically, they allude to preparing, pay-for-execution pay framework, and benefit sharing activities (Stavrou Brewster 2009, p. 193). In general, this investigation recommends that the pack approach end up being more successful than independent acts of HR administrators. The associations studied by Eleni Stavrou and Chris Brewster don't attempt to seclude HRM activities. More probable, they were seen as a blend of commonly predictable strategies. This is the fundamental qualification of this methodology. The utilization of the pack strategy can positively affect employees’ demeanor toward the organization and their pledge to hierarchical objectives. One can make reference to the exploration article composed by Jill Perry-Smith and Terry Blum (2000) who talk about the impact of the alleged work-family packages. They can be characterized as a lot of appr oaches that are intended to improve non-work lives of representatives (Perry-Smith Blum 2000, p. 1107). The discoveries of these creators propose that laborers feel increasingly connected to those organizations which attempt to accommodate hierarchical objectives with individual needs of a worker (Perry-Smith Blum 2000, p. 1114). Ordinarily, these groups incorporate such practices as adaptable timetable projects, leave approaches, or reemployment of laborers (Perry-Smith Blum 2000, p. 1110). The principle objective of these arrangements is to exhibit that an organization esteems every worker and needs to hold him/her. By the by, the creators likewise bring up that the positive impact of work-family packages is a lot more grounded in those organizations wherein a more prominent number of ladies are utilized (Perry-Smith Blum 2000, p.1112). Along these lines, the constructive outcomes of HR packs rely on the segment qualities of the work power; for this situation, one can talk about s exual orientation. All in all, these models propose that the utilization of groups can significantly profit an association. Much of the time, associations can truly deliver predominant outcomes with by embracing this methodology. Be that as it may, there are a few issues that business chairmen ought not ignore. As a matter of first importance, the scientists, who did these exact investigations, concede that it is regularly extremely hard to quantify the impact of HR packages on execution. For example, Manesh Subramony recognizes that the impact of natural factors on execution can be critical and the level of their impact ought to likewise be analyzed (2009, p. 758). In such manner, one can make reference to such outer factors as the interest of the items or administrations, the degree of joblessness in the nation, or the opposition looked by an organization. These outer components can influence turnover in an association or its productivity more significantly than HR groups. Also, J ill Perry-Smith and Terry Blum call attention to that the impact of HR groups can be all the more precisely evaluated if analysts lead longitudinal investigations (2000, p. 1115). It is important to look at the impacts of HR packs for quite a while, in light of the fact that thusly one can better extremely the aftereffects of observational investigations. The issue is that longitudinal isn't constantly conceivable. Along these lines, exact proof supporting the utilization of HR packs ought to be all the more firmly assessed. However, in spite of these constraints one can in any case contend that the acts of HR directors ought to be better organized. They ought to have some shared objective. This is the reason human asset groups are frequently identified with numerous positive results, for example, expanded duty of laborers, improved efficiency, and more grounded inspiration of laborers. All things considered, this contention is affirmed by numerous exact investigations. In spite of the fact that these investigations have some impediment, the proof that they give proposes that the packaging of HRM rehearses is progressively viable that separated exercises of HR directors. Despite the fact that, the utilization of HR packs can be promising, scientists should complete further investigations so as to quantify the effic

Would Cloning Make Us Lose Our Identities as Humans - Free Essay Example

Cloning is something that has been a controversial topic throughout the course of time. Many think that cloning would be a great human advancement that would allow us to recreate beloved ones. You would never have to live in fear of being heart broken or lonely. While others believe that cloning would make us lose our identities and our ways of recombination. Some even say it could lead to dangerous makings such as humans with stronger abilities than others, bringing back individuals who were no help to the world, or just wiping out certain individuals. If cloning where to become a reality, what makes a person special would no longer be there. Everyones genes would be the same, would that lead to everyone looking the same one day? I believe that cloning would not be a help to the world. It would just bring consequences that can be prevented without cloning. A lot of individuals also believe that cloning goes against religion. In the bible it states that everything and everyone was and I made by God, but cloning would take away that point meaning going against what the bible states. This issue has been a controversial issue going back all the way to 1997, to when the first cloned sheep Dolly was made by researchers in Scotland. Although many did not think about the possibility of cloning a human being, many soon began to debate and question the idea. Many began to start thinking how human cloning would begin. Researchers started saying how they would start by cloning human embryos. This research idea begin, increasing controversy. According to John H. Evans, he states that the Roman Catholic Church stated that Embryos are to be treated the same as born persons and therefore cannot be used as a means toward an end. Therefore also going with the laws that many are in favor, which are ending abortion. Evans states how embryos cannot be dest royed an even if they were to be used, it would sever human reproduction from sexuality. These ideas challenge the idea of earlier researchers who tend to assume that cloning is just another part of science that does not take into consideration the idea of dealing with actual possible humans beings. In one article Cole-Turner brings up the idea of man being co-creators with God. In continuation with why cloning would just bring wrong outcomes, is that it would carry over into the rights of women. In order to start experimenting with cloning, researchers would have to extract eggs from women in order to continue on their research with the embryos. The question would arise to how they would get the proper acceptance of women to do this. Would women just donate their eggs, would they be payed, or just be obligated. Women would be taken for granted and would not be given their value that they deserve. There is a bill called Hatch/Feinstein, that is not opposed to cloning. The law states that cloning can not be done in the same facility where assisted reproduction occurs. It also states how embryos are not to be planted into the wombs of women, but how would they have permission. While some still argue that cloning is in the wrong, some still believe human cloning is a means for creating life, not destroying. The whole idea brings back the holy side of the argume nt. Richard M. Doerflinger states human beings are treated like objects and not as individuals with their own identities and rights. I agree with the statement that Doerflinger presents. Each human being should not be used as an experiment for the better of other. Sure some might say that cloning could replace deceased loved ones, or even produce a clone copy of oneself, for the use of organs, spare tissues, or just for their own benefits. If this is the case anyone could bring back illustrious people from the past, who do not need to be brought back. Using a clone for your own benefit would seem like a convenience if you ever got sickly ill, but then again you have to think. Thats a actual person who was created and has their own life. Professor Leon Kass of the University of Chicago states human cloning wouldrepresent a giant step toward turning procreation into manufacture, hes stating that that the creation of person would just turn into another man-made item. People would no l onger be creating children out of a loving union, but just be seen as an experiment. Along, with the idea that cloning would stop forming children from a love union, it would also impact the bounds of families. Growing up children would be confused as to how they came to be, or why they were created the way they are. Issues would arise between the bonds of parents and children. Cloning also has risen different questions on how and to what extent would people use cloning for. Some even state that cloning could help produce disease-free offspring. Sure its a great idea to have, but what would happen to the rest of the population that would not arise from cloning. Would they be treated the same, looked at different because they have perfect genes from from diseases, disabilities, or looks. The idea of a new form of discrimination would begin. Generations would soon start to change with possibly new enhancements, traits, and capacities. Over the years many forms of discrimination have taken place, but with cloning that would be a whole nother dilemma. In March of 2001-Pew Forum on Religion and Public Life by the Pew Research Center for the People and the Press conducted as survey that went around and asked fellow individuals on their intakes of cloning. The question they they surveyed asked if they strongly in favor of allowing unrestricted scientific research related to human cloning? According to their outcomes, more than 51% strongly opposed, 35% opposed, 12% were in favor, and the remaining percentage strongly favored. This date goes to show that even if researchers did push for human cloning , a big percentage of the public would not be in favor. Many like myself including believe that cloning would only have few benefits, but the cons would outweigh the pros.

Critical Analysis Of Shariah Compliance Filters Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1778 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Argumentative essay Did you like this example? The Shariah Compliance Filters were developed under the supervision of known Islamic scholars and Islamic Finance specialists. These filters were based the criteria for our research since they are the only known criterion for a company listed on a stock exchange to be classified as Shariah Compliant if all six filters are passed. There is not much information given about how these filters were formed or what were the aspects taken under consideration in their formation. As we continued our research and studied the filters more closely, there were a lot questions raised about the background of these filters. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Critical Analysis Of Shariah Compliance Filters Finance Essay" essay for you Create order Here we would like to shed some light on some of the things that we believed were worth discussing and looked to be missing among the six filters. Screening Criteria # 1: Business of the Investee Company In order to judge the Shariah compliance of any counter-party, it is important to consider the nature of the business it is engaged in. When it is an investment in equity, the investor automatically becomes responsible for the way business is structured. The Shariah categorizes certain commercial activities as impermissible or haram for Muslims. This impermissibility makes the investment in the shares of any company engaged in such activities as its main business, is clearly prohibited in Islam. There are cases when a company is engaged in haram activities, and as part of the operation they have to indulge in actions which are not allowed. On the other hand, a company maybe involved in an activity that is allowed but has a subsidiary or investments in another company, which may be involved in non-Shariah compliant businesses. Conventional ulema do not authorize investing in a company whose operations are haram to any extent. Whereas some other Ulemas allow investment in equities of companies which derive a minor part of their income from prohibited activities, as long as such activities are not the main area of business. So far other ulema agree to such respite only if the same can be justified on grounds of maslahah i.e. public interest. But exception is made if the activities are as invasive in the society as the evil, hard to avoid. For example serving alcoholic drinks. Some things that need to be taken under consideration: a) Debt availed by the company; b) Interest and other suspect earnings of the company; c) Extent of cash and receivables with the company. Keeping in view the above discussion, it clarifies the aspect of what business a company does and if that business is Halal or not. Very clearly it states in the Holy Quran that alcohol is strictly prohibited, so if a company deals in a business of alcohol, it is Haram. Similarly, any company whose core business runs on interest (riba) is also Haram. All this is well explained, but now we move on to things that have not been clarified and most of which are a common practice in our world today. Let us first look at the aspect of bribery. Bribery has also been strictly prohibited in Islam. There are a lot of businesses that according to the 1st screening criteria are Halal, but are they still Halal if these businesses are dealing bribery? There is no answer to that in this. Another argument is that if a brewing company makes and sells alcohol, it is creating work opportunities and contributing to the development of the society. Reminded that consumption of alcohol is prohibited, and there are religions and cultures that promote the drinking of alcohol, so if a company is producing and exporting alcohol, should it really be termed Haram? Answers to these questions are unanswered by the Ullama and these filters do not address them. All this seems very easy, if the companys core business is according to the teachings of Islam, it is Halal, what about its operations? Shouldnt the operations of the company be also taken into account? It is agreed that it is difficult to take such aspects into consideration but then the basic purpose of these filters in our perspective is not achieved. Screening Criteria # 2: Market price/Share Net Liquid Assets/Share Net Liquid Assets / Share = T.A F.A Inventory CL LTL / No. of shares outstanding Market price of the share must be greater than the net liquid assets per share. It implies that the company should invest its excess liquid funds in its operations i.e. buy the assets for which the company acquired funds from the general public. This will decrease the ratio of net liquid assets per share. Similarly, effective operational performance will increase profitability of the company and this will be reflected in higher ROE, ROI, ROCE, and EPS etc. This will push up the demand for the companys shares and the market price of that company will eventually increase enabling the company to meet this ratio. Comparing the market price to the net liquid assets again does not make much sense in the accounting or financial term. The market price is an external determinant where as the net liquid assets are in complete control of the company. If a company wants to manipulate its net liquid assets, it can very easily do so, where as the market price is determined by the market as a whole. So comparing these two ratios dont make much sense in the conventional finance. A lot factors among the net liquid assets can turn out different for different companies. Not every company uses the same accounting principles. A change in the reporting method can and does bring about a substantial difference. For example a company that uses a straight line depreciation method could have a different value then a company reporting declining method. If a company manipulates its reportings in such a way only to become Shariaah Compliant, is this considered Halal? Similarly, recording the inventory in the LIFO, FIFO or Weighted Average can change the end of year inventory. No solution to deal with this has been specified. It is again taken into consideration that such matters are out of the reach of the researcher. The basic aim of the company is to serve its share holders and is market price to net liquid the correct way to judge that? Earnings per share can provide a good view so as to how the company is doing and how it is serving its share holder. There is no denying these filters, these are only the questions that have not been answered by the shariah council and in todays world everything needs to have a logic, not everything can be relied upon blindly. There has to be solid grounds on which such criterions are to be built. This is the basic aim of this critique. Screening Criteria # 3: Illiquid Assets/Total Assets 0.20 or 20% Illiquid Assets = TA Liquid Assets (Cash, Cash equivalents, A/R, Advances, B/As etc.) Illiquid Assets are tangible assets that are not liquid. Examples include plant, machinery, inventory, building, furniture, fixtures etc. It implies that the company should invest the funds it generates from the public to invest in the tangible assets. An increase in the number of tangible assets gives the signal to the public that the company is or is planning to expand its operations and hence this sentiment can attract investors and push up the market price of the companys shares. Furthermore, this will increase the depreciation expense of the company and hence it will decrease the corporate taxes the company needs to pay to the government. The ratio of illiquid assets to total assets should be greater than 20% is more of a way to show the public that if the ratio is more than 20%, the company is or planning on expanding, which is a good sign. But is this ratio really a criterion for the company to be doing well? A company that owns more than 20% assets could also be going through high losses and not meeting the hopes of the investors. Also, it has also been seen as a common practice to overvalue the assets in order to show more worth. In such a case the company would looks stable and growing where as it is only trying to get the market price of its shares on a rise to attract investors. As discussed before, such manipulations in the financial statements of a company are the responsibility of the company. If a company is not being honest about its financials, should it really be classified at Shariah Complainant? The shariah advisory board must have done their homework when these filters were created, it is obligatory on them to address these problems before these filters are considered bogus. Screening Criteria # 4: Non-Compliant Income 5% of Gross Revenue Non Compliant Income includes interest; income from gambling, conventional interest based derivatives, structured products and other such instruments, income from nightclubs, prostitution, casinos, tobacco, alcohol, drugs, dividend income from above mentioned businesses etc. However, Capital Gain on scrips of such businesses need not be purified. If investments from the non-compliant businesses will be divested, it will decrease the income ratio of non-compliant income to total income. The qualitative effects of such disinvestment will be the improved image of the company in the eyes of all stakeholders especially the shareholders, creditors and the customers. Screening Criteria # 5: Non-Shariah Compliant Investments 33% of Total Assets Non-Shariah Compliant Investments include investments in money market funds, money market instruments, bonds, PIBs, FIBs, CoIs, CoDs, TFCs, DSCs, conventional speculative derivatives and structured products etc. If investments from the non-compliant businesses will be divested, it will decrease the ratio of non-compliant investments to total assets. The qualitative effects of such disinvestment will be the improved image of the company in the eyes of all stakeholders especially the shareholders, creditors and the customers. Screening Criteria # 6: Interest Bearing Debt 40% of Total Assets Interest Bearing Debt includes Bonds, TFCs, Conventional Bank Loans, Finance Lease, and Preference Shares etc. Debt financing is a double-edge sword. Leveraged companies can magnify their returns in booms, but in slumps, they lose the edge and can even go bankrupt and make both their shareholders and creditors suffer. Debt financing results in a zero-sum game in which at least one stakeholder i.e. shareholders or creditors suffer. Equity financing ensures normal returns in booms and survival in slumps. Therefore, the company will not be squeezed of liquidity as interest expense as an autonomous expense will not feature as a significant portion of total operating expenses. All the above mentioned tests are to be passed in order to be categorized as Shariah Compliant, if any one of the test fails the company will be taken as non-Compliant.

The Political State Of America - 1825 Words

Although the Americans tried to stay neutral during the First World War they were forced to join due to the actions of Germany, and as a result they gained recognition as a major economic power. There was a struggle among the great powers regarding who would gain the support of the Americans, and eventually the allies won not only the aid of the Americans but also the war in general. The entry of the United States into the war was greatly debated among congress, leaders and the public but after the harsh acts committed by the Germans it made the decision easier. The financial state of America is very critical in assessing how they aided the allies and came out as a major power. Before entering the war, Americans tried their best to stay neutral and also attempted to stay free from any actual fighting. The U.S. leaders had agreed that the country would stay on the sidelines, instead of actually entering warfare . Americans were very concerned about going to war, as it would create a h uge change in their lifestyle. Not only would their social lives be disturbed but also the financial aspects of the state. The American economy had gone through a very hard time, a sort of panic, by it was slowly followed by a recovery period which allowed the Americans to contribute to the allies’ success. Due to the early industrialization of the U.S., American companies were not only able to provide war materials to allies but also were able to prepare for war themselves, if necessary. ManyShow MoreRelatedThe Political Party Of The United States Of America1590 Words   |  7 PagesThe nature of the political party system in the United States of America, the oldest democracy in existence, is that the majority party rules. 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Despite our post Columbus state formation history of Latin America that has taught that the â€Å"real order† was establishedRead MoreInfluence of Colonialism in Africa and Latin America Essay519 Words   |  3 PagesInfluence of Colonialism in Africa and Latin America The institutions of imperialism and colonialism have shaped the face of growth and development of the social, political, and economic forces in Africa. As outlined by Boahen, the extent of the â€Å"influence† that these institutions asserted varies and has both positive and negative aspects. Several of these aspects that exists in Africa are mirrored in Latin America, while others differ quite extremely. An important observation that can beRead MoreMGT 445 Week 1 Individual Study Guide Communication And Personality In Negotiation Paper 972 Words   |  4 Pagesregarding America’s political climate between 1876 and 1896? A. Southern states tended to vote Republican. B. The party that won the presidential election also controlled Congress. C. Little political power or influence was left to the states. D. The influence of the president over Congress diminished. www.InstantAnswerPlace.com DIRECT LINK TO THIS STUDY GUIDE: http://www.instantanswerplace.com/following-statements-accurate-regarding-americas-political-climate-1876-1896-southern-states-tended-vote-republican-b-party-won-presidential-ele/Read MoreThe Impact Of United States On America927 Words   |  4 Pagesthe individual States of America joined to form what currently known as United States of America. Although various ideas have been presented to support both sides of the story, I believe that the positive impacts that United States had on America outweigh the adverse effects. Political, cultural, social and technological advances that have witnessed in America over the centuries have contributed to the United States growth. This paper seeks to discuss the impacts that the United States had on the Americans

Drama Coursework on Education The Response Phase Essay Example For Students

Drama Coursework on Education The Response Phase Essay The topic presented to our drama group for this piece of coursework was education. A topic which we ourselves as pupils have much experience of, education plays a central role in modern society ultimately preparing each generation for adult life. Yet the educational system we experience today in the UK is profoundly different to the educational systems of the past and indeed, the educational systems of third world countries such as Africa. To explore educational issues and some of the similarities and differences of other educational systems in relation to our own, we were given a variety of stimuli, and it is these I will discuss. We looked at several different views of education from several different time periods, and explored them through the medium of drama. The first stimulus was in the form of a talk from our drama teacher. Her experience of education was from the 1960s and from a Catholic convent. A key difference which I noted between her education and our educational system today was the level of discipline enforced. Another important difference was the level of respect for teachers, and indeed other pupils. As our class discussed the issues raised from the talk, we decided bullying was an important issue raised from the discussion. To explore the idea further, we experimented with the technique of having a conscience alley. The idea behind a conscience alley is to have characters inner thoughts and insecurities spoken as they walk past. This technique gives the audience a real insight into the characters emotional state. As a class, we first used the character of a victim of bullying, and then of a bully. For the victim, we reinforced their sadness and lack of self-esteem by saying phrases such as useless, ugly, youre nothing. For the bully, we tried to explore the reasons behind his behaviour, and the possibility that he was doing it because of his own insecurity. I found this an extremely useful technique, particularly for unearthing to the audience a characters inner-feelings. Our second stimulus for this unit of coursework was a series of songs, most of them written around the 1960s. We were given their accompanying lyrics, which we were able to follow and contemplate whilst listening to them. To give us a broader perspective of different attitudes towards education, the two songs were written from two different points of view. Whilst the first song by the Smiths contained the attitude of a dismayed pupil, the second featured a desperate and harassed teacher. The first song is entitled The headmaster ritual and was written by the Smiths as an uncompromising attack on the brutality present in Manchester schools. It portrays teachers as sadistic and malevolent, describing them as Spineless swines, belligerent ghouls and even Bastards. I think the attitude of the head teacher in song is in many ways reminiscent of Charles Dickens caricatures; sadistic teachers, the victimisation of pupils and the consequent impoverishment of a childs education. The listener is reminded of the dark side of education, the side where teachers abuse their position and power for their own gratification. In stark contrast, the second song featured the attitude of a harassed teacher. Written and performed by Morrissey, the song demonstrates just how much of a problem bullying in the classroom can be, and how this is not necessarily restricted to just pupils. It is entitled The teachers are afraid of the pupils and leaves us with a good idea of the trials and tribulations teachers have to regularly face. Contrary to the record released by the Smiths, the lyrics of the song suggest that the educational system is far too favoured towards the interests of pupils: Say the wrong word to our children and well have you. This inability to enforce discipline inevitably results in the escalation of bad behaviour, often in the form of violence or threats towards the teacher. For example, he receives a nail through the staff chair. .u7ad1551c973cbaf10a08f19609449838 , .u7ad1551c973cbaf10a08f19609449838 .postImageUrl , .u7ad1551c973cbaf10a08f19609449838 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7ad1551c973cbaf10a08f19609449838 , .u7ad1551c973cbaf10a08f19609449838:hover , .u7ad1551c973cbaf10a08f19609449838:visited , .u7ad1551c973cbaf10a08f19609449838:active { border:0!important; } .u7ad1551c973cbaf10a08f19609449838 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7ad1551c973cbaf10a08f19609449838 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7ad1551c973cbaf10a08f19609449838:active , .u7ad1551c973cbaf10a08f19609449838:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7ad1551c973cbaf10a08f19609449838 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7ad1551c973cbaf10a08f19609449838 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7ad1551c973cbaf10a08f19609449838 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7ad1551c973cbaf10a08f19609449838 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7ad1551c973cbaf10a08f19609449838:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7ad1551c973cbaf10a08f19609449838 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7ad1551c973cbaf10a08f19609449838 .u7ad1551c973cbaf10a08f19609449838-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7ad1551c973cbaf10a08f19609449838:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Response to: Ernest Hemingway's The Old Man and Th EssayTo further explore these stimuli, we devised in groups a series of still images. This forced us to use gestus, a Brechtian principle that involves the use of exaggerated physicality in order to convey the particular attitude of a character. The still images were very much focused towards the reversal of power, showing the profound contrast between the attitudes present in the two songs. We started out with the idea of militant and tyrannical rule in the classroom, working in pairs within the group to produce three scenarios of bullying. The particular one I was involved with was the beating of an absentee from a gym l esson. Playing the part of a sadistic teacher, I used large arm movements and tense facial expressions to convey my unquestioned authority and malevolence. Each of our still images designed around the teachers bullying the pupils then morphed into new images of the pupils bullying the teachers; this was reminiscent Morriseys song. Not only did this exercise help explore the contrast between educational attitudes, but it also increased our discipline as actors. This was due to the fact that we had to promptly change our gestus in order to convey the attitude of an entirely different character.

The Role of Sampling in Statistics Essay Example

The Role of Sampling in Statistics Essay In statistics, a sample is a section of the subject chosen for a study.   In most cases sample will to be taken because a given subject area to be researched has a large number of participating population.   If a decision is made to make some kind of a study on a given subject, a population for example, it is easy to take a sample and work with the sample to arrive at whatever is intended on the outset, which in most cases is to make a statistical calculation that could be about the samples opinion on a given subject matter, such as voting for example.   The reason why taking samples is important is because of the large number of the population or groups that will be targeted.   Such a process of obtaining information to infer and extrapolate an outcome from a collected data goes by the name known as sampling.   There is always effort exerted to avoid bias when taking samples, which means the outcome of the finding will have to be unbiased as much as possible and that is wh en the accuracy of the data could be relied upon.   [1] If someone wants to make a certain study that pertains to women and if the sample is taken only from women who are working in an office environment, it will miss its target, and will not be representative, because the bigger population of women might not be working in the office.   There are stay-at-home moms, there are those who are working in various fields that do not involve working in an office environment, there are those who could be unemployed and cannot be included in the sample that will be taken from offices.   The solution for this problem is to make the sample random or a probability sample because it will be a better representative of the diverse women population and those that are not working in the office could also be included. We will write a custom essay sample on The Role of Sampling in Statistics specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Role of Sampling in Statistics specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Role of Sampling in Statistics specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer When dealing with samples the first key aspect to pay attention to is â€Å"external validity†, which focuses on the approximate truth of the conclusion or how the conclusion will be applicable to other subjects that are in different places, and how it would hold if used at a different time.   There are two known general approaches to arrive at a conclusion through a finding made by conducting a research.   The first one is sampling model where like it was mentioned, it is possible to target a subject or a population and take a sample to conduct the required research and most of the time the finding could be relied upon and could be used to arrive at a conclusion.   But it is possible label the sample as biased, which means no matter how careful the process had been, there is a possibility of a bias.   [2] The other approach called Proximal Similarity Model that was suggested by Donald Campbell can be used to take varied samples by keeping in mind different components of the general subject, population or locations, or different times in the future.   This is if the subject are people who are not in the group when the sample is being taken they will be kept in mind in such a way that the finding will have relevance to them too. The same applies to those who could be in a different location other than where the research is being conducted and they will also get the same consideration, where if the finding is used in the future it will still hold some reliability. There is an inherent threat with external validity that will make the final conclusion wrong because of the three components involved namely people, place, and time.   Because the validity of the finding could always be argued for as simple a reason as not choosing the right kind of people or the right kind of place, or time.   It is possible to point out a bias after the conclusion is final, which means although generalizing is possible, still the degree of the acceptance could come down on the scale. However, it is possible to minimize the mistake by being extra careful when taking the sample and by doing it randomly.  Ã‚   Another way of defending a validity of a finding is by working on the proximal similarity, by simply covering the extra mile in taking the samples from various groups and various locations.   It is also possible to use different times so that the findings will not be influenced by a given incident or event. Another important aspect of sampling is, knowing exactly who the target is or to whom the finding will be important.   Because there are situations where a certain finding could have a universal acceptance, for example.   If we are talking about people, it should be applicable to all humans.   Or if we are talking about a group living in a given area then the scope will be narrower, but in most cases what is applicable in a finding for one location should be applicable somewhere else with a degree of bias we can live with.   Still, no matter how careful we are, there will always be those who are not accessible from the group for various reasons and will force the finding to lean on the theoretical aspect of the finding.   In practice the â€Å"sampling frame† from where the sampling is derived from will not be complete in most cases, because of inaccessible population, yet all effort should be exerted to minimize the theorizing aspect of the finding. Yet even if thin gs go right for the most part, it might not possible to completely eliminate the bias simply because something could go wrong. Another interesting aspect of sampling is it is possible to take different but similar samples from the same population, which means, why take only one sample when it is possible to take more samples. The advantage is it would be possible to look at different outcomes and according to many findings, chances are the final outcome will be similar.   What this means is if we draw a graph all the graphs will have a bell shape although some extreme outcome cannot be ruled out, but it is rare.   The idea is the more sample we are able to take, our chance of arriving at what is known as a the parameter† will be high. The parameter is what will normally be arrived at if the whole group or population had been surveyed, which means as the number of the sample increases, the possibility of comparing and arriving at a better result is there.   Eventually the statistical finding will be more than generalizing, but the problem is if that was always possible, there is no need to be both ered with statistics.   The other advantage of taking a bigger number of samples is to bring down the â€Å"standard deviation†, which by itself would lead to a lower â€Å"standard error†.   The reason for that is even if it is avoided because of impracticality, the ideal approach would have been to go for the parameter, but it would be very expensive and time consuming, hence the main reason why taking sample is involved.   [3] In the world of sampling there is a â€Å"probability sampling† and it uses a random selection method.   There has to be some kind of a mechanism in order to carry out a random selection from a given group and the mechanism used will have to ascertain that the various components or participants will have equal probability of being chosen.   A â€Å"simple random sampling† has a few methods for it and what the aim is to choose a certain number of samples from a given group. The latest and the fastest way of doing that is using the various computer programs, which include EXCEL spreadsheet and using the RAND () function will do it automatically.   However, in spite of the fact that simple random may seem to be fair and correct for the most part, the possibility that not a good representative of the subjects might not be chosen is there affecting its efficiency and reliability. The other sampling method that acknowledged to be more accurate is â€Å"stratified random sampling†.   How it works is by dividing the subjects into visible subgroups and then it is possible to perform random sampling on each subgroup.   The advantage, of course, is there will not be a subgroup under representation since covering every possibility will be possible. In addition, the statistical precision is much higher and it gets better if the subjects are homogeneous. There is also â€Å"systematic random sampling†, which comes more handier and for it to work there will have to be a given number such as 1 – N, then deciding on the size of its components is required. There also has to be an interval and to make it work if the interval starts at k=N/n= the outcome will be the interval size.   Once randomly selected an integer between 1 k the number to take will the kth unit.   In order to accomplish this keeping the subjects random is required and its advantage is it is easy to work on, where all that is required is picking a random number.   Furthermore, it is always precise and when things get a bit complicated, it might be the only way out. The useful random sampling is â€Å"cluster random sampling† and it is mostly handy when a vast geographical area is involved, where a lot of distance-covering geographically will be involved.   Therefore, it is easy to come up with a clustering system where dividing the involved groups is possible using a geographic boundary, for example, and taking random sampling on each cluster and compare the outcome of the total cluster to arrive at a conclusion is possible.   When the need comes to combine the above mentioned cluster random sampling the process involved is â€Å"multi-stage-sampling†.   Sometimes after introducing cluster sampling there might be a need to apply stratified sampling in order to do an effective job and such mixing of the sampling is what is called multi-stage- sampling, because first comes the cluster sampling and in order to complete that effectively stratified sampling might be applied. The other sampling method that is believed to be more accurate is â€Å"stratified random sampling† and how it works is the subject or the population will be divided into visible subgroups and then it is possible to perform random sampling on each subgroup.   The advantage, of course, is there will not be a subgroup misrepresentation because it is possible to cover every possibility.   In addition, the statistical precision is much higher and it gets better if the subjects are homogeneous. The sampling that does not involve random sampling is known as â€Å"non-probability sampling† and it tends to be less reliable because of the lack of applying the â€Å"probability theory† and the end result could be, it could go either ways, to the point where it could be difficult to tell if it might have been possible to do a good representation or not. Even if that is the case for the most part researchers prefer to rely on probabilistic sampling, but there could be cases where applying it might be unavoidable. Non-probability sampling has two main types, â€Å"accidental† and â€Å"purposive†.   The accidental or haphazard samplings are incidents where the news media, for example, would go out on the street and approach anyone to get an opinion on a certain matter and it is not possible to say that individual is a fair representative of the population at large.   Or in some cases researchers could prefer high school or college students to make researches on certain subjects simply because there is a concentration of individuals that could be well informed on certain matter that might pertain to them, but in no way they can represent the population at large.   In clinical research it had been customary to use clients that are available and but might not be represent the of the overall population or at times volunteers could be involved where in some circumstances payment could be awarded.   Even if it is possible to get an opinion, it still might fall short of represen ting the overall population. On the other hand â€Å"purposive sampling† like its name states is done by having a given purpose in mind and it could be quick.   A good example is if a big company wants to know what its customers are thinking about the goods and services it offers, it could hire interviewers who will approach the customers while they enter the store or when they leave and will ask them certain questions.   Here it is possible to make mistakes as those who are visiting that store might be a representative of a particular subgroup that just happened to be there because of the location or because of the other businesses that are located around the particular business. Alternatively, if it is a regular day the visitors could be of a certain subgroup, and the same is applicable if it is a weekend.   The point made here is the subjects might not be the proper targets and the outcome might not be as reliable as a method that uses a proper random sampling method. Purposive sampling has different catagories and one is for example â€Å"Modal Instance Sampling† where the target is the most frequent case or the typical case.   While interviewing individuals there could be certain aspects that will influence them to give certain answers such as age, education, and income level.  Ã‚   Without knowing those aspects it will be difficult to rely on the typical or modal findings to be representative of the public at large. Religion and ethnicity also can play roles when individuals are giving quick answers and the interviewer has so much leeway to ask those questions without stepping over with what is normally unacceptable subject matter such as marital status, the size of the family, occupation could also make such a difference.   Therefore, any finding made through modal instance sampling could end up being an informal finding. There is â€Å"expert sampling† that fall in the same category and it involves bringing together experts in a form of a panel to ask about a modal survey that was made so that when the result is released the findings will have the backing of the experts.   That gives a boost to the reliability of the findings and the only time there will be a problem is if the experts themselves are wrong, which is a rarity, and it means if a modal instant sampling had been conducted, to be in the safe side it will be advisable to back it up with expert sampling, because nothing goes wrong most of the time. Another part of â€Å"purposive sampling† is â€Å"Quota Sampling† where a predetermined number of subjects will have to be approached and for no reason, that quota will be changed.   If the idea is to approach 50 female students and 50 male students in a college setup even if there is a shortage from one group and it is possible to make up from the other, it will not be allowed.   If there is a shortcoming on this sampling it is that in advance the characteristic has to be determined and if there is no success or if there is a shortage, adjustment could be made by lowering the number and the reliability of the data might suffer.  Ã‚   This in fact is proportional quota sampling.   The non-proportional quota sampling is not concerned about the exact number per se as long as there are enough of participants and collecting the data could go on and could be inferred to arrive at the desired result.   This method gets the credited for making sure even small groups will have a part to play and is similar to stratified sampling. Another part of purpose sampling is â€Å"heterogeneity† sampling where the drive here is to come up with certain working or popular ideas and what is involved in most instances is brainstorming of a group of people to see if they come up with the desired new ideas.   Therefore, there is concern about average instances and the number of people does not matter as long as it is possible to have enough number to participate.   Because of that the participants should be as heterogeneous as possible in spite of their number. One other sampling method that fall in the same category is â€Å"Snowball Sampling† where the participants will have to meet certain circumstances and once they qualify they will be asked to recommend others, which would work most of the time.   This method could be good to get access into some groups that have accessibility problem.   [4] The conclusion is it is difficult to say one method is the best and meets all the requirements, which means each method has its own advantage that has to be evaluated by the researchers on their drive to arrive at a conclusion that is very much closer to the reality.   However, in the field of taking surveys in a form of opinions, what is accepted is generalizing so that those who are using the information will know what the commonly held outlook about a certain matter is, hence they could form their own opinion based on that.   There is no scientific guarantee that states the findings are this much precise and close to the truth.   Such information, however, is much more important to those who will make important decisions based on it, because the finding might be the only available tool on their hand to help them make important decisions and they would have no choice other than taking a chance. It is proven that survey makes a lot of difference in business decision making because businesses are heavily dependant on feedback and that is why they spend a lot of money on surveys.   Other entities like governments can use surveys too since it is the only means that will give them a good glimpse into what kind belief, opinion, or stand the public has when they try to implement certain strategies.   Hence, sampling is one of the tools statistics rely upon to gather information about certain matters and the reason why a representative sample is used is, it is cost effective.

Practice Creative Writing With These Prompts

Practice Creative Writing With These Prompts You need to write a story for your creative writing class? Would you like it to be a horror story, a suspense, a romance or a sci-fi one? Whatever genre you choose, here are some creative writing prompts for you: Your Biggest Fan This one is straight out of the book Misery by Stephen King where a deranged fan kidnaps and tortures her favorite writer. How can you put a twist on a creepy, invasive fan that will make peoples skin crawl? The Reader Takes Part in the Action Why not write a book where the narrator slowly falls in love with the reader? How would you describe that? Haunted House Is there a creepy old house in your neighborhood that nobody wants to walk past? Are there steep stairs leading up to it like in Psycho? Maybe its a mystery who lives there as nobody is ever seen going in or out, yet theres always a candle in the window at night? What finally brings you to an encounter with the house? A dare from your friends? Did your cat escape and run into the scary house and you have to find it? What do you see when you enter? Vampires, Monsters and Zombies Then there are the traditional monster and zombie stories where bloodthirsty supernatural beings invade a town and start a killing spree. Where are you when this happens? How do you escape? What scenes of horror do you witness as you run for your life? Alternative Dreams The kids usually dream of becoming ninjas, astronauts, cowboys. Instead, they grow up to become bankers, accountants. Imagine the alternative reality, where a little boy wanted to be a lawyer whereas had to become an FBI agent. How would the story evolve? Ghosts These can be some of the scariest stories. Someone has died, but their spirit wont leave. How do you come into contact with this ghost? How do things develop? In the beginning, you merely sense something strange, but as time goes on, the ghost becomes more and more invasive in your life until you find yourself possessed by it! How do you fight the ghost? With a priest? Why is it tormenting you? How can you put it to rest? What is its story? Another Kind of Death In this universe, the dead dont just become limp corpses. They function just like regular bodies, just without a soul. How do they interact with those alive? Why not break the clichà © and make zombies good this time? The Forgotten You awake and start getting ready for work, you go downstairs and no one in your house knows who you are and your pictures have vanished. What do you do first? How do you make your loved ones remember you? Buried Alive As in The Raven where Poes fiancà ©e is buried alive slowly, how could you write this theme to evoke the terror of feeling the earth cover you while youre still alive? Does your victim escape? How do they do it? Who put them there in the first place and why? Accident Sometimes there doesnt have to be a villain for the story to be terrifying. What if you were in an accident, a car crash, or are hanging from a cliff? How do you overcome the situation and make it out alive? Bring on Some Sci-Fi You have invented an A.I system that integrates with a human body to automatically provide adjustments that will allow you to evolve and better your life. You are the first person to test new technology out. What adjustments do you think will be made? A great idea is always vital for a successful story. Pick one of the above or think of one yourself and go ahead, start creating! Got some incredible prompts youd like to share with others? Write them in the comments!

The Excellent Consuting Group Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Excellent Consuting Group - Coursework Example The revenue of product X5 was fairly stable but low, while that of X7 was extremely low but exceptionally stable for the year 2011 and would be low up to 2015. Profit Like the revenue performance, X5 and X6 products meet the profit threshold while X7 continue to make losses. It is below bar to a tune of -$31million dollars. Total Income The breakeven point for the three products is determined by the fixed costs, selling price and the number of units sold. The total sales in 2015 reduced compared to sales realized in 2015. Similarly, the total revenue reduced. Since the fixed and R&D costs remained constant, the average profitability reduced from 10% to 4%. X5 income The sales and revenue reduced in 2015 as compared to 2014 showing a great reduction from 3% to 1% profitability. The fixed and R&D costs remained high. X6 income The revenue and sales reduced by almost half in 2015 as compared to 2014. The profits also reduced from 16% to 10%. R&D costs were higher compared to the other p roducts. X7 income This product realized increased revenues since sales went up. In contrast to the other products, variable costs increased while the total profits went up. The product was making losses but well performing when compared to Product X5 and X6. Market Information Sales The sales for product X6 was exceptionally on the rise from the year 2011 and 2013 but gradually reduced from the 2013 to 2015. ... Product Performance X6 is highly performing in the market when compared to X5and X7. However, X5 is reducing in performance while X7 has stable performance. Market Report 2011 X5 Market Report The installed customer base of product X5 shows an increase from 2014 to 2015. The number of remaining customers has reduced while market saturation increased from 37% to 41%. First time customers reduced while repeat sales increased. X6 Market Report The installed customer base of product X6 shows an increase from 2014 to 2015. The number of remaining customers was exhausted while market saturation increased from 90% to 100%. First time customers reduced to zero while repeat sales increased. X7 Market Report The installed customer base of product X7 shows an increase from 2014 to 2015. The number of remaining customers has reduced while market saturation remained at 3%. First time customers and repeat sales increased. Proposed Alternative Strategy Suppose the prices of X5, X6 and X7 products a re set at price $400, $360 and $200 respectively. Also by apportioning the research and development (R&D) allocations as follows; X5(25%), X6(40%), and X7(30%). The cumulative profits for 2012 will be 192,479,522. The X5 is less expensive than other similar products in the market. X6 sales are in the growth phase of the product lifecycle. The majority of X6 customers have not yet purchased the product. The X5 compares more favorably with other tablets in the category. The cumulative profits for 2013 are 463,673, 489. The decisions for 2014 will be effective if X7 handheld is priced higher than competing products and is in the growth phase. There are many X7 customers remaining in the market. Most of the customers for the X7

The brand perception impact of advertising for Starbucks Company Essay - 2

The brand perception impact of advertising for Starbucks Company - Essay Example Management judgment has also become an important factor as it determines the location scheme based on the information gathered from the consumer. According to Davies (2003), the information is mainly comprised of expectations for the products and what it could offer, putting an emphasis on its difference from competitors. These dynamic approaches have produced models that have been used for historical sales and marketing data, while Mathieson (2005) cited that the models shaped by the advertising media were also seen as effective maneuver for improving brand performance. According to (Wesly & Manatt 2008), in order to effectively position one brand in the market, a marketing executive needs to consider four fundamental changes that have serve as driving forces of brand positioning in the market. According to Wesly & Manatt (2008), these are: 1. The explosion of internet and other technology driven channels that resulted into numerous methods of improving one brand presence. One significant characteristic is that this change has increased the targeted audience, making the brand more known to a large number of people in a span of minutes or seconds. 2. Technology has also resulted into the increase of word of mouth. Technology presented a much efficient and faster way of sharing brand information such as the internet, wherein customers could shop online while talking to one of their friends via chat room. According to Bazerghi, Tarrant, Munro & Levine (n.d.), this method has significantly improved how brand presence is shaped as most people use the internet nowadays, and that there is about 40 percent of total market consumers that are into online shopping. Word of mouth specifically helps in the positioning of a brand in the market, as it directly helps in the pinpointing who are the customers that avail the product most of the time. 3. Business partnerships have opened new paths to increasing brand presence and

Phases of the moon Essay Example for Free

Phases of the moon Essay During night time, the moon is the clearest celestial object that could be seen any place on earth. The moon is considered as the closest celestial thing on earth and is the only natural satellite to the earth (Freudenrich, 2008). As people noticed, the moon presents changing shapes in the night sky. There are instances when one could see a full disk shape, other times it peaks a faction of its face and sometimes it vanishes for a few days. These changes in the bright side of the moon are identified as the moon’s phases. Such occurrence in the moon is not random at all rather the changes happen in a monthly basis and occurs in a predictable manner (Freudenrich, 2008). The moons phases are not the result of the earth’s shadow as many believe. The shadow of the earth may cause eclipses but the occurrence of the moons phases is a different case. Phases of the moon are dependent on its position in the alignment together with the earth and sun thus the illuminated part in the moon’s face is caused by the reflection of the light from the sun (Barrow, 2008, 1). During the 29 day travel of the moon around its orbit, its position undergoes daily changes. There are times when the moon is positioned between the earth and the sun, other times it is behind the earth this is why people see the bright parts of the moon’s surface in different angles (Freudenrich, 2008). The eight phases of the moon undergoes a cycle which is proceeded by the new moon. New moon also known as the dark moon could be seen whenever the sun and the moon are similarly positioned on the same side of the earth. The new moon is essentially not visible because it is situated in between the sun and the earth therefore the part which is illuminated faces directly to the sun while the other part which is lost in the sun’s glare is facing the earth (Barrow, 2008, 1). The second phase of the moon is identified as the waxing crescent. This appears during the second or third day. During this phase only a little part of the moon is showing up. It is characterized with a thin lunar sliver which is apparent minutes after the sunset. Such phase is termed as waxing because every night a part of the moon becomes more visible in a longer time (The phases of our moon: What can you see tonight, 2008). By the time the waxing crescent moon grows in a half full, it has then reached the third phase which is known as the first quarter. During this phase, half of the moon is already visible. However, its visibility last during the first half of the evening and eventually goes down. It is also important to note that the first quarter moon reflect the sun’s light on the right hand side (The phases of our moon: What can you see tonight, 2008). Waxing Gibbous moon is a phase when most part of the moon is already visible. At this point, the moon is clearly visible to any of its observers and only a little sliver is not illuminated. The gibbous moon could be seen clearly even before the sunset and stays in the night sky until three in the morning (Barrow, 2008, 1). The entire face of the moon is apparent during the fifth phase which is the full moon. This phase takes place whenever the earth is positioned between the moon and the earth. Full moon is the only phase where the moon is shining all throughout the night. A full moon will rise during the beginning of the night and will eventually set as morning steps in (Barrow, 2008, 1). Just like the waxing gibbous, the waning gibbous which is the sixth phase of the moon, shows all but a little part of the moon. However, in contrast with the waxing gibbous where observers are seeing much of the celestial body’s illuminated part, the waning gibbous is an indication of seeing less of the moon in the upcoming nights. This is why it was coined as â€Å"waning† gibbous (The phases of our moon: What can you see tonight, 2008). Second to the last of the moon’s phase is the last quarter. Much like the first quarter, people see a half full of the moon’s illuminated face however; the reflected light is set on the left hand corner of the moon contrary to the first quarter phase which is reflected in the right hand side (Barrow, 2008, 1). Finally the waning crescent marks the final cycle of the moon’s phase. During this period people would observer that only little of the moons face is visible. By the following nights only a smaller part of the moon can be seen in a lesser period. From there a new cycle will then proceed (The phases of our moon: What can you see tonight, 2008). Evidently the moon’s phases are dependent upon the moon’s lining position in accordance to the sun and earth. It is also noteworthy that the sequence of the phases starts with the moon’s light illumination from right to left until it extends to the full moon phase. Right after the said phase the illuminated area of the moon would retreat from right to left until it reaches the new moon phase which would mark another cycle. The phases of the moon are not complicated as it may appear. By learning how, when and why it occurs enables an individual to know that such event is not random but a predictable event.

William Ramsay Essay -- essays research papers fc

William Ramsay William Ramsay was born on the second of October, in the year 1852. William, and his parents, William and Catherine, lived in Glasgow, Scotland. William Ramsay performed his work in his native town, until 1870 when he went to Tà ¼bingen and earned his doctorate in 1872. When returned to Scotland later that year, he became an assistant chemist at the Anderson College in Glasgow. Eight years later, he was appointed principal and professor of chemistry at London University, which held until his retirement in 1913.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ramsay’s earliest works were in the field of organic chemistry. In his early experiments he showed that the alkaloids are related to pyridine, which he synthesized in 1876 from acetylene and prussic acid. Some of his first work was related with the study of a new Bismuth mineral, which was only recognized as a metal until the 18th Century. William Ramsay also verified Roland Eà ¶tvà ¶'s law for the constancy of the rate of change of molecular surface energy with temperature. Ramsay published his work in accordance to Dobbie, on the decomposition products of the quinine alkaloids. William was very successful and submitted many contributions to physical chemistry, being mostly on Stoichiometry and Thermodynamics. He also commenced the 1880’s with his work with Sidney Young on evaporation and dissociation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 1892, a British physicist named Lord Rayleigh asked chemists to explain the difference bet...

Financial Management – Risk Analysis

There are also reputation threats such as damage to the company's reputation in the market or from employee loyalty. You also have procedural risk, project, and financial, technical risk. Natural and political risk as well. Company decision makers must think through the systems, organizations or structures they operate, and analyze risks to any part of them. Once the threats have been acknowledged, the next step is to work out the probability of the threat being carried out and to evaluate its impact.A company must workout the value of risks It faces, so that the company can start to look at ways of dealing with them. When a company does this, It Is critical to choose cost effective methods. Risk analysis allows an organization to examine the risks that it faces. It Is based on a well thought out plan of attack In thinking through threats, followed by an evaluation of the probability and cost of Incidents occurring. Risk analysis forms the basis for risk management and crisis prevent ion. Five Interview Questions- Week SIX 1 . How would you Identify threats facing your company? . After Identifying the threats facing your company, how would you go about In assessing Its Impact? 3. How would you go about managing risk to your company? 4. After carrying out a risk analysis would you continue with regular reviews? 5. Why Is risk analysis so Important for a company? Financial Management – Risk Analysis By Judicial threats such as damage to the company's reputation in the market or from employee A company must workout the value of risks it faces, so that the company can start to kook at ways of dealing with them.When a company does this, it is critical to choose it faces. It is based on a well thought out plan of attack in thinking through threats, followed by an evaluation of the probability and cost of incidents occurring. Risk Five Interview Questions- Week Six 1 . How would you identify threats facing your company? 2. After identifying the threats facing yo ur company, how would you go about in assessing its impact? 5. Why is risk analysis so important for a company?